Relación entre el porcentaje de grasa y las capacidades físicas básicas en estudiantes universitarios
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Zea Robles, A., Rodríguez Arboleda, A., Correa Mesa, J., & Correa Morales, J. (2018). Relación entre el porcentaje de grasa y las capacidades físicas básicas en estudiantes universitarios. Revista Colombiana De Rehabilitación, 17(2), 82-92. https://doi.org/10.30788/RevColReh.v17.n2.2018.179
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Autores
Aura Catalina Zea Roblesaurazea@usantotomas.edu.co
Astrid Yamile Rodríguez Arboleda
astridrodriguez@usantotomas.edu.co
Juan Felipe Correa Mesa
juanflipecorme@gmail.com
Juan Carlos Correa Morales
jccorreamorales@unal.edu.co
Resumen
La obesidad es un problema de salud pública que actualmente enfrentan las diferentes naciones alrededor del mundo. Según la Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional (ENSIN) del 2015, la población adulta con exceso de peso en Colombia está en aumento. Una de las afectaciones más importantes de la obesidad es la alteración de la condición física, en términos de ejercicio. Método: Se realizó un estudio transversal de tipo correlacional con el objetivo de estimar la relación entre el porcentaje de grasa %G (bio-impedancia tetrapolar) y las capacidades físicas de fuerza (fuerza abdominal), flexibilidad (Sit and Reach) y resistencia (Test de Leger). Resultados: Se observan correlaciones positivas fuertes entre el IMC y el %G tanto en hombres como en mujeres. Una correlación significativa negativa entre el %G y la capacidad aeróbica en los hombres, y una positiva entre el %G y la fuerza abdominal en las mujeres. En la capacidad física de la flexibilidad no se encontró correlación con él %G ni en hombres ni en mujeres. Discusión: Los resultados corroboraron los hallazgos obtenidos en diversos estudios. Se demostró que en la población estudio el aumento del porcentaje graso afecta la capacidad física aeróbica y la fuerza abdominal en mujeres, y no se correlaciona con la flexibilidad en ambos géneros.
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Referencias
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Borrello, M., Pietrabissa, G., Ceccarini, M., Manzoni, G., & Castelnuovo, G. (2016). Motivational Interviewing in Childhood Obesity Treatment. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, obtenido de http://journal.frontiersin.org/Article/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01732/abstract
Brennan, L., Murphy, K., Shaw, K., & McKenzie, J. ( 2014). WITHDRAWN: Psychological interventions for overweight or obesity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 5. CD003818. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003818.pub3.
Browna, R., Sharma, A., Arderna, C., Mirdamadi, P., Mirdamadi, P., & Kuka, J. (2016). Secular differences in the association between caloric intake, macronutrient intake, and physical activity with obesity. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 10 (3), 243-255. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.08.007.
Butte, N., Puyau, M., Wilson, T., Liu, Y., Wong, W., Adolph, A., & Zakeri, I. (2016). Role of physical activity and sleep duration in growth and body composition of preschool-aged children. Obesity (Silver Spring), 24(6) 1328-1335. doi:10.1002/oby.21489.
Colquitt, J., Loveman, E., Malley, C., Azevedo, L., Mead, E., Al-khudairy, L., . . .Rees, K. (2016). Diet, physical activity, and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obesity in preschool children up to the age of 6years. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3. CD012105. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012105.
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Goran, M., Fields, D., Hunter, G., Herd, S., & Weinsier, R. (2000). Total body fat does not influence maximal aerobic capacity. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders, 24(7), 841-848.
Hooper, L., Abdelhamid, A., Bunn, D., Brown, T., Summerbell, C., & Skeaff, C. (2015). Effects of total fat intake on body weight. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,8. CD011834. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011834.
Hruschka, D., & Hadley, C. (2016). How much do universal anthropometric standards bias the global monitoring of obesity and undernutrition? Obesity Reviews, 17(11). 1030-1039. doi: 10.1111/obr.12449 Vol (11)
Kasper, N., Herrán, O., & Villamor, E. (2014). Obesity prevalence in Colombian adults is increasing fastest in lower socio-economic status groups and urban residents: results from two nationally representative surveys. Public Health Nutrition, 17(11), 2398-2406. doi: 10.1017/S1368980013003418.
Kivimäki, M., Singh-Manoux, A., Nyberg, S., Jokela, M., & Virtanen, M. (2015). Job strain and risk of obesity: systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. International Journal of Obesity, 39 (11), 1597-1600. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2015.103.
Krzysztoszek, J., Wierzejska, E., & Zielińska, A. (2015). Systematic review obesity. An analysis of epidemiological and prognostic research. Archives of Medical Science, 11 (1) 24-33. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2013.37343
Martin, A., Saunders, D., Shenkin, S., & Sproule, J. (2014). Lifestyle intervention for improving school achievement in overweight or obese children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, CD009728. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009728.pub2.
Mastellos, N., Gunn, L., Felix, L., Car, J., & Majeed, A. (2014). Transtheoretical model stages of change for dietary and physical exercise modification in weight loss management for overweight and obese adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2, CD008066. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008066.pub3.
Miller, A., MacDougall, J., Tarnopolsky, M., & Sale, D. (1993). Gender differences in strength and muscle fiber characteristics. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 66 (3), 254-262.
Moreira, O., Rodrigues de Oliveira, R., Patrocinio de Oliveira, C. E., Doimo, L., dos Santos Amorim, P. & Bouzas Marins, J. (2015). Anthropometric, cardiovascular and functional variables as indicators of health related physical fitness in university professors. Fisioterapia em Movimento, 28(3) 545-554. doi: 10.1590/0103-5150.028.003.AO13
Ocampo Plazas, M., Correa, J. F., Guzman David, C. A., & Correa Morales, J. C. (2015). Association between fat percent and the basic physical capacities of children of 7-11 years at school stage of an educational institution in Bogotá – Colombia. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport , doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.498 Vol (16) 113-114.
Orozco, L., Buchleitner, A., Gimenez-Perez, G., Roqué I Figuls, M., Richter, B., & Mauricio, D. (2008). Exercise or exercise and diet for preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, CD003054. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003054.pub3.
Perez, J. (2013). Efecto del entrenamiento resistencia y fuerza sobre la masa grasa. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 28(2), 340-346. doi: 10.3305/nh.2013.28.2.6200.
Seron, P., Lanas, F., Pardo, H., & Bonfill, X. (2014). Exercise for people with high cardiovascular risk. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 8, CD009387. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009387.pub2
Teixeira, P. J., Carraca, E. V., Marques, M. M., Rutter, H., Oppert, J.M., Bourdeaudhuij, I. D., Lakerveld, J. & Brug, J. (2015). Successful behavior change in obesity interventions in adults: a systematic review of self- regulation mediators. BMC Medicine, 13, 84. doi: 10.1186/s12916-015-0323-6
Thomas, D., Elliott, E., & Naughton, G. (2006). Exercise for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, CD002968. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002968.pub2
Tuah, N., Kaur, B., Car, J., & Majeed, A. (7 de Enero de 2016). Transtheoretical model for dietary and physical exercise modification in weight loss management for overweight and obese adults. . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,10, CD008066. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008066.pub2.
Tyrovolas, S., Koyanagi, A., Olaya, B., Ayuso-Mateos, J., Miret, M., Chatterji, S., & Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B. (2016). Factors Associated with skeletal muscle mass, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a multi-continental study. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 7 (3) 312-321. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12076.
Vsetulová, E., & Bunc, V. (2004). Effect of body composition on physical fitness and functional capacity in obese women. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research,11(6), 17-20 doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/25465.10039
Wade, M., Campbell, A., Smith, A., Norcott, J., & O’Sullivan, P. (2012). Investigation of spinal posture signatures and ground reaction forces during landing in elite female gymnast. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 28 (6) 677-686.
Wang, J., Gallagher, D., Thornton, J., Yu, W., Weil, R., & Kovac, B. (2007). Regional Body Volumes, BMI, Waist Circumference, and Percentage Fat in Severely Obese Adults. Obesity (Silver Spring), 15(11), 2688-2698. doi: 10.1038/oby.2007.321.
Wanner M, M. B.-H. (2016). Associations between domains of physical activity, sitting time, and different measures of overweight and obesity. Preventive Medicine Reports, 29 (3), 177-184. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.01.007..
Xinyan, B., Ling Tey, S., Leong, C., Quek, R., Yi, T., & Jeyakumar, C. (2016). Correlation of adiposity indices with cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy adults of Singapore: a crosssectional study. BMC Obesity, 3, 33. doi: 10.1186/s40608-016-0114-4.
Anjos, L. D., Teixeira, F. D., Wahrlich, V., Vasconcellos, M. D., & Going, S. (2013). Body fat percentage and body mass index in a probability sample of an adult urban population in Brazil. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 29, 73-81.
Blaak, E. (2001). Gender differences in fat metabolism. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care,6, 499-502.
Borrello, M., Pietrabissa, G., Ceccarini, M., Manzoni, G., & Castelnuovo, G. (2016). Motivational Interviewing in Childhood Obesity Treatment. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, obtenido de http://journal.frontiersin.org/Article/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01732/abstract
Brennan, L., Murphy, K., Shaw, K., & McKenzie, J. ( 2014). WITHDRAWN: Psychological interventions for overweight or obesity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 5. CD003818. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003818.pub3.
Browna, R., Sharma, A., Arderna, C., Mirdamadi, P., Mirdamadi, P., & Kuka, J. (2016). Secular differences in the association between caloric intake, macronutrient intake, and physical activity with obesity. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 10 (3), 243-255. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.08.007.
Butte, N., Puyau, M., Wilson, T., Liu, Y., Wong, W., Adolph, A., & Zakeri, I. (2016). Role of physical activity and sleep duration in growth and body composition of preschool-aged children. Obesity (Silver Spring), 24(6) 1328-1335. doi:10.1002/oby.21489.
Colquitt, J., Loveman, E., Malley, C., Azevedo, L., Mead, E., Al-khudairy, L., . . .Rees, K. (2016). Diet, physical activity, and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obesity in preschool children up to the age of 6years. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3. CD012105. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012105.
Colquitt, J., Pickett, K., Loveman, E., & Frampton, G. (2014). Surgery for weight loss in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,8. CD003641. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003641.pub4.
Dobbins, M., Husson, H., DeCorby, K., & LaRocca, R. (2013). School-based physical activity programs for promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1. CD007651. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007651.
Goran, M., Fields, D., Hunter, G., Herd, S., & Weinsier, R. (2000). Total body fat does not influence maximal aerobic capacity. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders, 24(7), 841-848.
Hooper, L., Abdelhamid, A., Bunn, D., Brown, T., Summerbell, C., & Skeaff, C. (2015). Effects of total fat intake on body weight. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,8. CD011834. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011834.
Hruschka, D., & Hadley, C. (2016). How much do universal anthropometric standards bias the global monitoring of obesity and undernutrition? Obesity Reviews, 17(11). 1030-1039. doi: 10.1111/obr.12449 Vol (11)
Kasper, N., Herrán, O., & Villamor, E. (2014). Obesity prevalence in Colombian adults is increasing fastest in lower socio-economic status groups and urban residents: results from two nationally representative surveys. Public Health Nutrition, 17(11), 2398-2406. doi: 10.1017/S1368980013003418.
Kivimäki, M., Singh-Manoux, A., Nyberg, S., Jokela, M., & Virtanen, M. (2015). Job strain and risk of obesity: systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. International Journal of Obesity, 39 (11), 1597-1600. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2015.103.
Krzysztoszek, J., Wierzejska, E., & Zielińska, A. (2015). Systematic review obesity. An analysis of epidemiological and prognostic research. Archives of Medical Science, 11 (1) 24-33. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2013.37343
Martin, A., Saunders, D., Shenkin, S., & Sproule, J. (2014). Lifestyle intervention for improving school achievement in overweight or obese children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, CD009728. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009728.pub2.
Mastellos, N., Gunn, L., Felix, L., Car, J., & Majeed, A. (2014). Transtheoretical model stages of change for dietary and physical exercise modification in weight loss management for overweight and obese adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2, CD008066. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008066.pub3.
Miller, A., MacDougall, J., Tarnopolsky, M., & Sale, D. (1993). Gender differences in strength and muscle fiber characteristics. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 66 (3), 254-262.
Moreira, O., Rodrigues de Oliveira, R., Patrocinio de Oliveira, C. E., Doimo, L., dos Santos Amorim, P. & Bouzas Marins, J. (2015). Anthropometric, cardiovascular and functional variables as indicators of health related physical fitness in university professors. Fisioterapia em Movimento, 28(3) 545-554. doi: 10.1590/0103-5150.028.003.AO13
Ocampo Plazas, M., Correa, J. F., Guzman David, C. A., & Correa Morales, J. C. (2015). Association between fat percent and the basic physical capacities of children of 7-11 years at school stage of an educational institution in Bogotá – Colombia. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport , doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.498 Vol (16) 113-114.
Orozco, L., Buchleitner, A., Gimenez-Perez, G., Roqué I Figuls, M., Richter, B., & Mauricio, D. (2008). Exercise or exercise and diet for preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, CD003054. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003054.pub3.
Perez, J. (2013). Efecto del entrenamiento resistencia y fuerza sobre la masa grasa. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 28(2), 340-346. doi: 10.3305/nh.2013.28.2.6200.
Seron, P., Lanas, F., Pardo, H., & Bonfill, X. (2014). Exercise for people with high cardiovascular risk. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 8, CD009387. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009387.pub2
Teixeira, P. J., Carraca, E. V., Marques, M. M., Rutter, H., Oppert, J.M., Bourdeaudhuij, I. D., Lakerveld, J. & Brug, J. (2015). Successful behavior change in obesity interventions in adults: a systematic review of self- regulation mediators. BMC Medicine, 13, 84. doi: 10.1186/s12916-015-0323-6
Thomas, D., Elliott, E., & Naughton, G. (2006). Exercise for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, CD002968. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002968.pub2
Tuah, N., Kaur, B., Car, J., & Majeed, A. (7 de Enero de 2016). Transtheoretical model for dietary and physical exercise modification in weight loss management for overweight and obese adults. . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,10, CD008066. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008066.pub2.
Tyrovolas, S., Koyanagi, A., Olaya, B., Ayuso-Mateos, J., Miret, M., Chatterji, S., & Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B. (2016). Factors Associated with skeletal muscle mass, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a multi-continental study. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 7 (3) 312-321. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12076.
Vsetulová, E., & Bunc, V. (2004). Effect of body composition on physical fitness and functional capacity in obese women. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research,11(6), 17-20 doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/25465.10039
Wade, M., Campbell, A., Smith, A., Norcott, J., & O’Sullivan, P. (2012). Investigation of spinal posture signatures and ground reaction forces during landing in elite female gymnast. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 28 (6) 677-686.
Wang, J., Gallagher, D., Thornton, J., Yu, W., Weil, R., & Kovac, B. (2007). Regional Body Volumes, BMI, Waist Circumference, and Percentage Fat in Severely Obese Adults. Obesity (Silver Spring), 15(11), 2688-2698. doi: 10.1038/oby.2007.321.
Wanner M, M. B.-H. (2016). Associations between domains of physical activity, sitting time, and different measures of overweight and obesity. Preventive Medicine Reports, 29 (3), 177-184. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.01.007..
Xinyan, B., Ling Tey, S., Leong, C., Quek, R., Yi, T., & Jeyakumar, C. (2016). Correlation of adiposity indices with cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy adults of Singapore: a crosssectional study. BMC Obesity, 3, 33. doi: 10.1186/s40608-016-0114-4.
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